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Synthesizer
Logo
  • Getting Started
    • Installation
    • Overview
    • Downloading Grids
    • Getting Help & Contributing
  • Grids
    • Pre-Computed Grids
      • SPS Grids
      • AGN Grids
    • The Grid Object
    • Modifying Grids
    • Lines from Grid objects
    • Creating your own grids
  • Galaxies and Their Components
    • Stars
    • Gas
    • Blackholes
    • Particle vs Parametric
    • Line of Sight Calculations
    • Parametric Star Formation Histories
  • Emissions
    • The Sed object
    • The LineCollection Object
    • Stellar Spectra
    • Black Hole Spectra
    • Galaxy Spectra
    • Lines from Galaxy objects
    • Printing Used Parameters
  • Emission models
    • Emission model basics
    • Premade Models
      • Stellar Emission Models
      • AGN Emission Models
      • Common Models
    • Modifying a model
    • Creating your own EmissionModel
    • Attenuation
      • Dust Attenuation Curves
      • Intergalactic Medium Absorption
    • Dust emission
    • Combined Emission Models
    • Model variations
  • Instruments
    • Working with Instruments
    • Premade Instruments
    • Filters
      • Filters example
  • Observables
    • Photometry
      • Generating Photometry
      • Generating photometry from a Galaxy
    • Spectroscopy
    • Imaging
      • Images From Galaxy Particle Distributions
      • Images From Parametric Galaxies
      • Property maps
      • Emission Line Maps From Galaxy Particle Distributions
    • Spectral Data Cubes
      • Spectral Data Cubes from Galaxy Particle Distributions
      • Spectral Data Cubes from a Parametric Galaxy
  • The Pipeline
  • Parallelism
  • Performance
    • Controlling Precision
    • Particle and Wavelength Scaling
    • Pipeline Profiling
    • Thread Scaling
    • MPI Scaling
  • Advanced
    • Configuration Options
    • Internal Timers
    • Units
    • Abundances
    • Creating Grids
  • Cookbook
    • Generate active galaxy
    • Generate composite galaxy
  • Examples
    • Cosmological simulation examples
      • Line of sight example
      • Age lookup test
      • Aperture Mask Example
      • SC-SAM example
      • Camels luminosity function example
      • Parametric Young Stars Example
      • Camels example
    • Dust examples
      • Sommovigo & Bartlett 2026 attenuation
      • Draine-Li attenuation validation
    • Emission model examples
      • Compare stellar velocity dispersion configurations
      • Plot model variations example
      • Pipeline with model variations example
      • Extreme model variations example
    • General examples
      • IGM transmission example
      • Filters example
      • Plot quiescent UVJ diagram
      • Plot spectra example
      • Dust curves example
      • Photometry example
    • Grid examples
      • Plot ionising luminosity
      • Plot the line continuum for a given grid point
      • Plot spectra example
      • Get lines example
      • Plot spectra by age
    • Imaging examples
      • Get sum of image inside an aperture
      • Image addition example
      • Correlated noise example
    • Parametric galaxy examples
      • Compare different parametric star formation history models
      • Demonstrate the dense basis approach for describing the SFZH
      • Plot delta_lambda for a grid.
      • Create image example
      • Generating Lines from a Parametric Galaxy
      • Generate parametric morphology profiles
      • Generate parametric observed SED
      • An example showing how to scale a galaxy’s mass by luminosity/flux.
      • Generate parametric galaxy SED
      • Plot equivalent width for UV indices
    • Particle galaxy examples
      • Create sampled SED
      • Compare parametric and particle SEDs
      • Compare SPS grid assignment methods
      • Plot velocity broadened spectra
      • Compare Single star particle to instantaneous SFZH
      • Plot line of sight diagnostics
      • Spatial-resampling attribute modes
      • Spatial resampling with parametric SFH and MetalDist
      • Plot line of sight optical depth calculations
      • Spatial resampling of gas and star particles
      • Spatial resampling with metallicity scatter
      • Point LOS Column Densities With A Truncated Source Kernel
      • Rotating particle distributions
      • Compare smoothed and point-particle LOS column densities
      • Smoothed LOS Kernel Overlap Geometries
  • FAQ
  • Publications
  • API Reference
    • synthesizer
      • synthesizer.abundances
        • synthesizer.abundances.abundance_patterns
        • synthesizer.abundances.abundance_scalings
        • synthesizer.abundances.depletion_models
        • synthesizer.abundances.elements
        • synthesizer.abundances.reference_abundance_patterns
      • synthesizer.base_galaxy
      • synthesizer.components
        • synthesizer.components.blackhole
        • synthesizer.components.component
        • synthesizer.components.stellar
      • synthesizer.conversions
      • synthesizer.cosmology
      • synthesizer.data
        • synthesizer.data.initialise
      • synthesizer.downloader
        • synthesizer.downloader.downloader
      • synthesizer.emission_models
        • synthesizer.emission_models.agn
          • synthesizer.emission_models.agn.models
          • synthesizer.emission_models.agn.unified_agn
        • synthesizer.emission_models.attenuation
        • synthesizer.emission_models.base_model
        • synthesizer.emission_models.expansion
        • synthesizer.emission_models.extractors
          • synthesizer.emission_models.extractors.extractor
        • synthesizer.emission_models.generators
          • synthesizer.emission_models.generators.dust
            • synthesizer.emission_models.generators.dust.blackbody
            • synthesizer.emission_models.generators.dust.casey12
            • synthesizer.emission_models.generators.dust.draineli07
            • synthesizer.emission_models.generators.dust.dust_emission_base
            • synthesizer.emission_models.generators.dust.greybody
          • synthesizer.emission_models.generators.generator
        • synthesizer.emission_models.model_queue
        • synthesizer.emission_models.models
        • synthesizer.emission_models.operations
        • synthesizer.emission_models.parameters
        • synthesizer.emission_models.stellar
          • synthesizer.emission_models.stellar.los_model
          • synthesizer.emission_models.stellar.models
          • synthesizer.emission_models.stellar.pacman_model
        • synthesizer.emission_models.transformers
          • synthesizer.emission_models.transformers.broadening
          • synthesizer.emission_models.transformers.dust_attenuation
          • synthesizer.emission_models.transformers.escape_fraction
          • synthesizer.emission_models.transformers.igm
          • synthesizer.emission_models.transformers.transformer
        • synthesizer.emission_models.utils
        • synthesizer.emission_models.visualise_network
      • synthesizer.emissions
        • synthesizer.emissions.line
        • synthesizer.emissions.line_ratios
        • synthesizer.emissions.scaling
        • synthesizer.emissions.sed
        • synthesizer.emissions.utils
      • synthesizer.exceptions
        • synthesizer.exceptions.BadResult
        • synthesizer.exceptions.CannotHashThat
        • synthesizer.exceptions.DownloadError
        • synthesizer.exceptions.GridError
        • synthesizer.exceptions.InconsistentAddition
        • synthesizer.exceptions.InconsistentArguments
        • synthesizer.exceptions.InconsistentCoordinates
        • synthesizer.exceptions.InconsistentMultiplication
        • synthesizer.exceptions.InconsistentParameter
        • synthesizer.exceptions.InconsistentUnits
        • synthesizer.exceptions.InconsistentWavelengths
        • synthesizer.exceptions.IncorrectUnits
        • synthesizer.exceptions.MissingArgument
        • synthesizer.exceptions.MissingAttribute
        • synthesizer.exceptions.MissingGridProperty
        • synthesizer.exceptions.MissingIFU
        • synthesizer.exceptions.MissingImage
        • synthesizer.exceptions.MissingInstrumentFile
        • synthesizer.exceptions.MissingLines
        • synthesizer.exceptions.MissingMaskAttribute
        • synthesizer.exceptions.MissingModel
        • synthesizer.exceptions.MissingModelSettings
        • synthesizer.exceptions.MissingPhotometryType
        • synthesizer.exceptions.MissingSpectraType
        • synthesizer.exceptions.MissingUnits
        • synthesizer.exceptions.ParameterFunctionError
        • synthesizer.exceptions.PipelineNotReady
        • synthesizer.exceptions.PrecisionOverflow
        • synthesizer.exceptions.SVOFilterNotFound
        • synthesizer.exceptions.SVOInaccessible
        • synthesizer.exceptions.SVOTransmissionHasUnits
        • synthesizer.exceptions.UnimplementedFunctionality
        • synthesizer.exceptions.UnknownImageType
        • synthesizer.exceptions.UnmetDependency
        • synthesizer.exceptions.UnrecognisedOption
        • synthesizer.exceptions.WavelengthOutOfRange
      • synthesizer.filters
      • synthesizer.galaxy
      • synthesizer.grid
      • synthesizer.imaging
        • synthesizer.imaging.base_imaging
        • synthesizer.imaging.data_cube_generators
        • synthesizer.imaging.extensions
          • synthesizer.imaging.extensions.circular_aperture
          • synthesizer.imaging.extensions.image
        • synthesizer.imaging.image
        • synthesizer.imaging.image_collection
        • synthesizer.imaging.image_generators
        • synthesizer.imaging.postprocess
        • synthesizer.imaging.spectral_cube
      • synthesizer.instruments
        • synthesizer.instruments.filters
        • synthesizer.instruments.instrument
        • synthesizer.instruments.instrument_base
        • synthesizer.instruments.instrument_collection
        • synthesizer.instruments.integrated_field_unit
        • synthesizer.instruments.line_imager
        • synthesizer.instruments.photometric_imager
        • synthesizer.instruments.photometric_instrument
        • synthesizer.instruments.photometric_noise
        • synthesizer.instruments.premade
        • synthesizer.instruments.spectroscopic_instrument
        • synthesizer.instruments.utils
      • synthesizer.kernel_functions
      • synthesizer.load_data
        • synthesizer.load_data.load_camels
        • synthesizer.load_data.load_eagle
        • synthesizer.load_data.load_flares
        • synthesizer.load_data.load_scsam
        • synthesizer.load_data.load_shark
        • synthesizer.load_data.load_simba
        • synthesizer.load_data.utils
      • synthesizer.parametric
        • synthesizer.parametric.blackholes
        • synthesizer.parametric.cosmic_sf_hist
        • synthesizer.parametric.galaxy
        • synthesizer.parametric.metal_dist
        • synthesizer.parametric.morphology
        • synthesizer.parametric.sf_hist
        • synthesizer.parametric.sfh_kernels
        • synthesizer.parametric.stars
      • synthesizer.particle
        • synthesizer.particle.blackholes
        • synthesizer.particle.galaxy
        • synthesizer.particle.gas
        • synthesizer.particle.particles
        • synthesizer.particle.resample_utils
          • synthesizer.particle.resample_utils.RESAMPLE_MODES
        • synthesizer.particle.stars
        • synthesizer.particle.utils
      • synthesizer.photoionisation
        • synthesizer.photoionisation.cloudy17
        • synthesizer.photoionisation.cloudy23
        • synthesizer.photoionisation.photoionisation
      • synthesizer.photometry
      • synthesizer.pipeline
        • synthesizer.pipeline.pipeline
        • synthesizer.pipeline.pipeline_io
        • synthesizer.pipeline.pipeline_utils
      • synthesizer.synth_warnings
        • synthesizer.synth_warnings.InternalPrecisionWarning
      • synthesizer.units
      • synthesizer.utils
        • synthesizer.utils.art
        • synthesizer.utils.ascii_table
        • synthesizer.utils.geometry
        • synthesizer.utils.integrate
        • synthesizer.utils.operation_timers
        • synthesizer.utils.plt
        • synthesizer.utils.precision
        • synthesizer.utils.profiling_utils
        • synthesizer.utils.stats
        • synthesizer.utils.util_funcs
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Dust examples¶

Sommovigo & Bartlett 2026 attenuation

Sommovigo & Bartlett 2026 attenuation

Draine-Li attenuation validation

Draine-Li attenuation validation
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Sommovigo & Bartlett 2026 attenuation
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Camels example
Copyright © 2026, Chris Lovell, Will Roper, Aswin Vijayan, Stephen Wilkins
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